Protective effects of compound FLZ, a novel synthetic analogue of squamosamide, on β-amyloid-induced rat brain mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylamide (compound FLZ), a novel synthetic analogue of squamosamide, on the dysfunction of rat brain mitochondria induced by Aβ25–35in vitro.
Methods: Isolated rat brain mitochondria were incubated with aged Aβ25–35 for 30 min in the presence and absence of FLZ (1–100 μmol/L). The activities of key mitochondrial enzymes, the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2·-), and the levels of glutathione (GSH) in mitochondria were examined. Mitochondrial swelling and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria were assessed by biochemical and Western blot methods, respectively.
Results: Incubation of mitochondria with aged Aβ25–35 inhibited the activities of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and respiratory chain complex IV. It also resulted in increased H2O2 and O2·- production, and decreased the GSH level in mitochondria. Furthermore, it induced mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. The addition of FLZ (100 μmol/L) prior to treatment with Aβ25–35 significantly prevented these toxic effects of Aβ25–35 on the mitochondria.
Conclusion: FLZ has a protective effect against Aβ25–35-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro.
Keywords:
Methods: Isolated rat brain mitochondria were incubated with aged Aβ25–35 for 30 min in the presence and absence of FLZ (1–100 μmol/L). The activities of key mitochondrial enzymes, the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2·-), and the levels of glutathione (GSH) in mitochondria were examined. Mitochondrial swelling and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria were assessed by biochemical and Western blot methods, respectively.
Results: Incubation of mitochondria with aged Aβ25–35 inhibited the activities of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and respiratory chain complex IV. It also resulted in increased H2O2 and O2·- production, and decreased the GSH level in mitochondria. Furthermore, it induced mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. The addition of FLZ (100 μmol/L) prior to treatment with Aβ25–35 significantly prevented these toxic effects of Aβ25–35 on the mitochondria.
Conclusion: FLZ has a protective effect against Aβ25–35-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro.